It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment and should not be relied on to make decisions about your health. Imported dengue united states, 1999 and 2000 dengue is a mosquitotransmitted acute viral illness caused by any of the four dengue virus serotypes den1, den2, den3, and den4. Dengue is a highly endemic infectious disease of the tropical countries and is rapidly becoming a global burden. The 6 patients with severe nonfatal dengue acquired the infection in south america 66. Dengue is a vectorborne viral infection and a globally important public health problem. However, additional factors may contribute to dengue seasonality. Laboratory test for the diagnosis of dengue world health.
Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. Dengue is an endemic viral disease affecting tropical and subtropical regions around the world, predominantly in urban and semiurban areas. Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq hawaii island. Dengue fever symptoms and signs include rash, fever, chills, fatigue, headache, and joint pain. Since the second edition of dengue haemorrhagic fever. A new tool for the diagnosis and molecular surveillance of dengue infections in clinical samples 88 dengue bulletin vol 28, 2004 of febrile illness in tourists and people working in dengueendemic reas5,6,7,8a. Ini ditemukan di wilayah tropis dan sub tropis di seluruh dunia. Your doctor will likely ask about your medical and travel history. While recovering from dengue fever, watch for signs and symptoms of dehydration. Infants and young children may have an undifferentiated febrile disease, often with a maculopapular rash. Patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin acetylsalicylic acid, aspirincontaining drugs, and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen because of their anticoagulant properties. Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever vii dengue fever is the fastest emerging arboviral infection spread by aedes mosquitoes with major public health consequences in over 100 tropical and subtropical countries in southeast asia, the western pacific and south and central america. Virus dengue memiliki empat jenis serotipe, yang setiap jenis.
However, a severe form of the disease called dengue hemorrhagic fever dh or dengue shock syndrome dss, proven to be fatal. Warning signs generally begin in the 2448 hours after the fever has gone away. Apr 24, 2020 dengue has become a widespread infection over the past few year, extending from endemic to nonendemic areas. The diagnosis of dengue fever is usually confirmed in the laboratory by serologic tests on blood samples from the patient. Dengue infection causes dengue fever that is not life threatening. Dengue fever the clinical features of df frequently depend on the age of the patient. May 03, 2019 dengue fever presents in a nonspecific manner and may not be distinguishable from other viral or bacterial illness.
The viruses are transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito. Older children and adults may have either a mild febrile syndrome or the classic incapacitating disease with high fever of abrupt onset. Dengue fever genetic and rare diseases information. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash that is similar to measles. Symptoms symptoms of typical uncomplicated classic dengue usually start with fever within 4 to 7 days after you have been bitten by an infected mosquito. The differential diagnosis of fever in a traveller returning from asia, south and central america, west, central and east africa includes malaria, dengue, hepatitis a, typhoid fever, invasive bacterial. In very technical terms, this is done by antigendetection elisa or prpcr during the acute phase of the disease or by igm elisa or paired serology during the recovery phase of dengue fever. In addition to fever and at least 2 clinical findings, diagnosis of df requires epidemiological or laboratory evidence supporting a dengue virus infection.
In dengueendemic regions, suspected, probable, and confirmed cases of dengue infection should be reported to the relevant authorities as soon as possible. This acute febrile illness can be a deadly infection in cases of severe manifestation, causing dengue hemorrhagic shock. Health experts have known about dengue fever for more than 200 years. Dengue fever df and its more serious forms, dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf and dengue shock syndrome dss, are becoming important public health problems and were formally included within the disease portfolio of the united nations development programme. Patients typically present with acute onset of fever, headache, body aches, and sometimes rash spreading from the trunk. At the sixtyseventh world health assembly in may 2014, several member states raised the public health and economic burdens of dengue in the plenary discussion on the link between climate and health. Dengue is endemic in most tropical and subtropical areas of the world and has occurred among u. According to the pan american health organization paho, the clinical description of dengue fever is an acute febrile illness of 27 days duration associated with 2 or more of the following. Doctors can diagnose dengue infection with a blood test to check for the virus or antibodies to it. Racgp dengue clinical and public health ramifications. This disease used to be called breakbone fever because it sometimes causes severe joint and muscle pain that feels like bones are breaking. Dengue fever presents in a nonspecific manner and may not be distinguishable from other viral or bacterial illness. Pdf dengue fever, also known as breakbone fever, is a mosquitoborne infectious.
Infants and young children may have a nonspecific febrile illness with rash. Once you are infected with one of the dengue viruses, you will develop immunity to that. Is it safe to travel to the big island and the rest of hawaii. This increase is believed to be to be due to multiple factors. Although the fever has gone away, the next phase of dengue can be dangerous for some people. Dengue management dos and donts x dont use corticosteroids. The infection is endemic in more than 100 countries, particularly the south east asia region, western pacific region, and the americas. Dengue fever genetic and rare diseases information center. Dengue fever symptoms, diagnosis and treatment bmj.
Mosquitoes in the uk do not spread the dengue virus. Caring for a child or family member sick with dengue. F, severe headache, retroorbital behind the eye pain, severe joint and muscle pain, nausea and vomiting, and. Dengue fever, also known as breakbone fever, is a mosquitoborne infectious tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Contents ii who library cataloguing in publication data dengue haemorrhagic fever. Dengue fever is a virus transmitted to humans through bites from the aedes mosquito, a daybiting mosquito. According to the pan american health organization paho, the clinical description of dengue fever is an acute febrile illness of 27 days duration associated with 2. Call your doctor right away if you develop any of the following. Transmission from human to human is predominantly by the mosquito aedes aegypti, which bites in the daytime, is adapted to human habitats and has a preference for human blood meals. Dengue guidelines, for diagnosis, treatment, prevention. Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection the.
Tidak ada penanganan khusus untuk demam dengue dan dengue parah. X dont give platelet transfusions for a low platelet count. The clinical features of dengue fever vary according to the age of the patient. Rapid risk assessment local transmission of dengue fever in france and spain 2018 22 october 2018 3 disease background information dengue virus dengue is a mosquitoborne disease caused by dengue virus, a member of the flaviviridae family. Who has since then provided relentless support to its member states by way of technical assistance. Refer to the help section for more detailed instructions.
Dengue or breakbone fever is high on the list of mosquitoborne diseases that may worsen with global warming. Dengue fever is common in tropical areas, so take extra precautions if you travel somewhere with this type of climate. Blood collected three days after onset of illness tested positive for dengue by rtpcr. The world is in the grip of a dengue pandemic heralded in 1977 by the emergence of each of the four dengue viruses from asia to the americas.
During the two weeks prior to onset of fever, travel to a dengue endemic country or presence in a location experiencing an ongoing dengue outbreak. If you become sick after traveling to a tropical area, let. About 1 in 20 people with dengue will develop severe dengue. Learn more about dengue fever causes, sign and symptoms, treatment and diagnosis at findatopdoc. Rapid risk assessment local transmission of dengue fever in france and spain 2018 22 october 2018 2 options for response early detection of imported cases is key to prevent onward transmission through the introduction of dengue virus by a viraemic traveller into an. Among patients with dengue infection, 3 had a previous diagnosis of hiv infection, 2 were immunosuppressed secondary to medication, and 1 was immunosuppressed for unspecified cause. Periode inkubasi dalam jangka 3 14 hari, biasanya 4 7 hari. Information about dengue disease burden, its prevalence and incidence and geographic distribution is necessary to guide in planning appropriate control measures including the dengue vaccine that has recently been licensed in a few countries. Clinicians should consider dengue in a patient with a clinically compatible illness, and who lives in or recently traveled to a diseaseendemic area external icon in the 2 weeks before symptom onset. Apr 27, 2020 dengue fever is a common tropical infection. This map displays the global probability of occurrence for dengue fever in 2010. Fever frequently asked questions georgia department of. Be sure to describe international trips in detail, including the countries you visited and the dates. Severe dengue infection can lead to death, therefore, clinicians should should aim for.
Acetaminophen tylenol, others can alleviate pain and reduce fever. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Classic dengue fever, or break bone fever, is characterized by acute onset of high. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis view in chinese classification scheme describing three categories of symptomatic denv infection. Figure 2 average annual number of dengue fever df and dengue haemorrhagic fever dhf cases reported to who, and of countries reporting dengue, 19552007. Dengue fever is a severe, flulike illness that affects infants, young children and adults, but seldom causes death. Frequently asked questions faq hawaii island outbreak. Efficient and accurate diagnosis of dengue is of primary importance for clinical care i. Demam dengue adalah infeksi akut yang dibawa nyamuk yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue.
Following these meetings, guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and control of dengue fever were developed by the world health organization who in 1975. Dengue fever df, caused by dengue virus, is an arboviral disease characterized by an initial nonspecific febrile illness that can sometimes progress to more severe forms manifesting capillary leakage and hemorrhage dengue hemorrhagic fever, or dhf and shock dengue shock syndrome, or. Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq hawaii. The specimen to be collected and the diagnostic method depend on which clinical phase of the disease the patient is in. Dengue fever is an infectious disease carried by mosquitoes and caused by any of four related dengue viruses. It is caused by any of the 4 serotypes of dengue virus and is transmitted within humans through female aedes mosquitoes. Imported arbovirus infections in spain, 20092018 volume 26. Select up to three search categories and corresponding keywords using the fields to the right. Dengue fever is a viral infection that can cause lifethreatening illness, milder flulike illness, or no symptoms at all. Feb 16, 2018 diagnosing dengue fever can be difficult, because its signs and symptoms can be easily confused with those of other diseases such as malaria, leptospirosis and typhoid fever.
Read about causes, vaccine, history, transmission, diagnosis and treatments, and see pictures of this mosquitoborne illness. Dengue is classified as 1 undifferentiated fever, 2 dengue fever df, and 3 dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf. Until this pandemic is controlled, millions of patients with acute dengue illnesses. In a secondary dengue infection, dengue igm antibodies usually appear earlier from day two post fever onset and with a shorter duration.
Guidelines for dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever. The combined determination of ns1 and specific antibodies enables reliable diagnosis of dengue virus infections in all phases. Author summary dengue fever, an extensively spread mosquitoborne disease, is endemic in more than 100 countries. Dengue fever is common in tropical areas, so take extra precautions if you travel somewhere with this type of. Dengue fever is a globally important arboviral infection transmitted by the aedes genus of mosquito primarily a aegypti, but also a albopictus, found in tropical and subtropical regions.
Elisa provides greater sensitivity, the strip format is amenable. Uptodate, electronic clinical resource tool for physicians and patients that provides information on adult primary care and internal medicine, allergy and immunology, cardiovascular medicine, emergency medicine, endocrinology and diabetes, family medicine, gastroenterology and hepatology, hematology, infectious diseases, nephrology and. Laboratory diagnosis and diagnostic tests dengue ncbi. Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control 2009, p4. Dengue has become a widespread infection over the past few year, extending from endemic to nonendemic areas. Pdf early diagnosis of dengue, the most common mosquitoborne disease globally, remains. For example, a 20% probability of occurrence means that the likelihood that someone in the 5 sq km region will contract dengue within the year is 20%. Serum is the specimen of choice for dengue diagnosis. Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths. Dengue disease varies from mild fever to severe conditions of dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome. As early symptoms of df mimic those of other diseases such as malaria or leptospirosis. Author summary dengue fever exhibits a seasonal pattern in many parts of the world, much of which has been attributed to climate and weather.
It was then, and remains today, the most important arthropodborne viral disease of humans. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever frequently asked questions what is dengue. Local transmission of dengue fever in france and spain 2018. Severe dengue requires hospitalization and can be life threatening. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a. Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq general questions. Singkatnya, demam dengue adalah penyakit endemis di banyak negara di asia tenggara. Dengue fever is a disease spread by the aedes aegypti mosquito and is caused by one of four dengue viruses. F, severe headache, retroorbital behind the eye pain, severe joint and muscle pain, nausea and vomiting, and rash. Disease surveillance and outbreak prevention and control pdf, 58kb chapter 7. Texas has the highest number of cases of dengue fever in the united states. How does your doctor or other healthcare provider determine if you have contracted dengue fever. Zika, chikungunya, and dengue virus infections should all be considered for patients with acute fever, rash, myalgia, or arthralgia who have traveled within the previous 2 weeks to an area with ongoing transmission or are living in an area with ongoing transmission. Dec 01, 2012 dengue fever df, caused by dengue virus, is an arboviral disease characterized by an initial nonspecific febrile illness that can sometimes progress to more severe forms manifesting capillary leakage and hemorrhage dengue hemorrhagic fever, or dhf and shock dengue shock syndrome, or dss.
A new tool for the diagnosis and molecular surveillance of. A rapid deterioration can occur 25 days after onset of fever. These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash. Seasonal patterns of dengue fever in rural ecuador. The complications of severe dengue can lead to collapse and sometimes death. Infection may be asymptomatic or present with a broad range of clinical manifestations including a mild febrile illness to a lifethreatening shock syndrome. With 20092016 medical record data from rural ecuador, we studied the short and longterm seasonal patterns of dengue fever, as well as the effect of school schedules and public. Diagnosis may prove to be quite difficult without professional help since some of dengues symptoms can be mistaken for the common flu, malaria, leptospirosis, and typhoid fever. Dengue is a febrile illness caused by infection with one of four dengue viruses denv transmitted by aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquitoes during the taking of a blood meal. They are not indicated and can increase the risk of gi bleeding, hyperglycemia, and immunosuppression. Anyone showing symptoms of dengue should see a doctor as soon as possible. Serological diagnosis also relies on an increase in dengue igg titre.
It is an important cause of fever in the returned traveller. Endemic in more than 120 countries, particularly the southeast asian and western pacific regions, the caribbe. It is caught by people visiting or living in asia, the americas or the caribbean. Your doctor may also perform blood tests to correctly diagnose your condition. Identification kits for infectious agents are available in 96well format and can. Welcome to cdc stacks dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Dengue fever bahasa indonesia version aedes albopictus, yang dapat menyebarkan penyakit ini, umumnya ditemukan di hong kong. Read more information on homeopathic remedies, risks, and prevention.